Daily Archives: June 23, 2015

UTICAJ ALKOHOLA NA ORGANIZAM I KILOGRAME

Mislim da postoji puno zabluda oko toga kako alkohol utiče na naš organizam na naše kilograme na našu gojaznost. Da li je tačno ili je zabluda da alkohol goji, probaćemo da razjasnimo kroz sledeći tekst.

Opsta formula za alkohol je R-OH. Od svih alkohola, u alkoholnim pićima se nalazi etilni alkohol ili etanol. Dobija se procesom fermentacije (alkoholno vrenje) iz plodova voća i žitarica koje sadrže šećer.

Alkohol kao sam alkohol ne može da se skladišti u mast, tj kalorije iz alkohola ne mogu da se pretvore u masne naslage. Ali alkohol znatno utiče na naš metabolizam a samim tim i indirektno na trošenje kalorija i brzinu našeg metabolizma. On smanjuje lučenje hormona TESTOSTERONA i hormona RASTA koji znatno utiču na brzinu metabolizma i na rast mišićnog tkiva. Na primer, studija koju je sproveo TNO institut za ishranu i prehranu, imao je 10 ispitanika koji piju 30-40 grama alkohola dnevno (2-3 piva, ili 10-15 grama vina). Posle 3 nedelje, njihov nivo testosterona je opao za oko 7%. Univerzitet u Helsinkiju je sproveo sličnu studiju, oni su davali ispitanicima 1,5 g etanola po kg telesne težine kod 10 zdravih muškaraca starosti 20-26 godina, i otkrili da je njihov nivo testosterona opao za 23 % u proseku između 10. i 16. sata nakon što su počeli da piju. Osim toga, nivo kortizola ( hormon stresa ) je bio povišen za 36% u proseku, tako da je hormon rasta znatno počeo smanjeno da se luči.

Postoje i dobri uticaji umerenog konzumiranja alkohola. Umereno konzumiranje piva (3 do 6 dl/dan) stimuliše imunološki sistem i smanjuje masnoće u krvi. Tri do četiri čaše piva smanjile su nivo C-reaktivnog proteina (veže se uz upale i razne bolesti srca, katalizuje rad mikrozomalnih enzima jetre pa skraćuje poluvreme eliminacije svih lekova koji se metabolišu preko džigerice), što nam govori o protiupalnom delovanju i delimično objašnjava povezanost između umerenog konzumiranja alkohola i smanjenih srčanih problema. Od davnina se priča o prednostima 1 do 2 čaše crnog vina. Hranjive materije u vinu (resveratrol i proantocianidin) takođe su korisne za srce, jer smanjuju oksidativni stres, dok alkohol proširuje krvne sudove.

Loši uticaji prekomernog konzumiranja alkohola su: Podstiče dehidraciju. Alkoholna pića su diuretici koji nas podstiču na mokrenje. Izlasci i konzumiranje alkohola do kasnih sati smanjuju nivo važnih hormona u krvi. Ti hormoni luče se u dubokom snu i to najviše tokom noći. Npr. posle samo jednog pijanstva potrebno je 24h da se nivo testosterona vrati u normalu. Alkoholna pića su prezasićena šećerima. To moze da ima za posledicu poremećaja nivoa šećera u krvi. Nakon konzumacije alkohola brže dolazi do mišićnog zamora. Nakon pijanstva u našim mišićima ostaje veća količina mlečne kiseline nego obično pa zato našem organizmu treba manje vremena da se umori. Mogući su isto, bolovi u mišićima i jaki grčevi. Otežava resorpciju vitamina i minerala. Kroz mokrenje najčešće izbacujemo upravo korisne vitamine i minerale koji su nam potrebni za normalno funkcioniranje. Povećava rizik od povreda. Tako isto, produžava vreme oporavka. Smanjuje izdržljivost. Organizmu je za proizvodnju energije potreban šećer u krvotoku. Taj šećer se proizvodi pomoću jetre, oslobađajući glukozu u krvotok. Alkohol smanjuje sposobnost organizma da proizvede ovaj šećer (glukozu), zbog čega osoba ima manje energije i manje je izdržljiva. Otežava proizvodnju glikogena. Glikogen se proizvodi u jetri, koja isto razgrađuje alkohol, zato je vrlo lako zaključiti kako konzumacija alkohola opterećuje rad jetre te samim time smanjuje i usporava proizvodnju glikogena neophodnog za intenzivan mišićni rad.

Ovo su neke najbitnije stvari koje trebate znati što se tiče uticaja alkohola na vaš organizam.

Posted in HEALTH, NUTRITION, SRPSKI

ALCOHOL EFFECT ON BODY AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE

Jun 23

Posted by Marko Mikic

I think there is a lot of misconceptions about what is alcohol affect on human body, weight, and obesity. Is it true or is a misconception that alcohol is fattening, we will try to clarify in the following text.

The general formula for the alcohol is R-OH. Out of all the alcohol in the alcoholic beverages is ethyl alcohol or ethanol. Prepared fermentation of fruits and cereals that contain sugar.

Alcohol as alcohol it self can not be stored in fat, that mean calories from alcohol can not be converted into fat. But alcohol has a significant impact on our metabolism and thus indirectly on spending our calories and speed of metabolism. It decreases the secretion of the hormone testosterone and growth hormone significantly affect the rate of metabolism and the growth of muscle tissue. For example, a study conducted by the TNO Institute for Food and Nutrition, had 10 subjects who drank 30-40 grams of alcohol a day (2-3 beers or wine 10-15 grams). After 3 weeks, their testosterone levels decreased by approximately 7%. University of Helsinki conducted a similar study, they were given to respondents 1.5 g ethanol per kg of body weight in 10 healthy men aged 20-26 years, and found that their testosterone levels decreased by 23% on average between 10th and 16th hours after they started drinking. In addition, the level of cortisol (stress hormone) was increased by 36% on average, so the growth hormone significantly reduced started to light.

There are good effects of moderate alcohol consumption. Moderate consumption of beer (3 to 6 dl / day) stimulates the immune system and reduces the fat in the blood. Three to four cups of beer decreased levels of C-reactive protein (linked to inflammation and with various diseases of the heart), which tells us about anti inflammation action and partly explains the association between moderate alcohol consumption and reduced heart problems. Since ancient times, stories about the benefits of 1 to 2 glasses of red wine. Nutrients in wine are also beneficial for the heart because it reduces stress, whereas alcohol dilates blood vessels.

The bad effects of excessive alcohol consumption are: Encourages dehydration. Alcoholic drinks are diuretics that encourage us to urinate. Going out and drinking until the late hours making lower levels of important hormones in the blood. These hormones are secreted in a deep sleep, mostly during the night. After one drunk is necessary 24h to testosterone levels return to normal. Alcoholic drinks are oversaturated in sugars. This can result in a disorder of blood sugar levels. After alcohol consumption leads to faster muscle fatigue. After drunkenness in our muscles remains a greater amount of lactic acid than usual and therefore our body needs less time to be tired. Possible are the same, muscle aches and cramps. Hinders absorption of vitamins and minerals. Through urination usually out just useful vitamins and minerals we need to function normally. Increases the risk of injury. In the same way, extended recovery time. Reduces stamina. Organism for the production of energy required sugar in the bloodstream. The sugar is produced by the liver, into the blood stream releasing glucose. Alcohol lowers the body’s ability to produce this sugar (glucose), which is why people have less energy and are less durable. Hinders the production of glycogen. Glycogen is produced in the liver, which also breaks down alcohol, so it is very easy to conclude that alcohol consumption burden on the liver and thus reduces and slows the production of glycogen necessary for intensive muscle work.