Author Archives: Marko Mikic
PROBLEM WITH LOWER BACK
What makes the lower back:
Five lumbar vertebrae that connect our pelvis to the top of the spine.The six discus that protect our vertebra and absorb all incoming attacks. The nerves and spinal cord that conduct impulses to our muscles from the brain and their role is most similar to the “current cables “. Small joints that we provide to all funcion properly and maintain both stability and mobility. Ligaments and muscles without which the function of the spine is unthinkable, because they give us strength and also provide stability.
The most common activities what give as a pain:
Each working or sporting activity or activities of daily living, if performed incorrectly or sudden or long it lasts, it can cause pain in the lumbar region of the back. The pain is most often associated with the following activities:
improper lifting of any weight, where the hull flexes and rotates the sudden movement of rotation, bending or rotation and stretching hull prolonged sitting lengthy car ride long walking prolonged standing bad position during sleep violations of bone and muscular lumbar region – trauma (usually traffic accidents, injuries during sports activities …)
Muscle weakness is due to inactivity. Muscle imbalance is one of the most important causes of pain. Muscle strength of individual muscles and muscle groups should be balanced, harmonious and balanced.
With kineziteraphy (medical exercise) is begun when fully relieve the pain. Our goal is to take strong musculature of the burden of the lumbar spine. It is important to note that there is no activity of daily life that strengthens lumbo-sacral spine extensors. Also, there is not a sporting activity that strengthens the muscles of this region. It is the most common cause of these problems.
Exercises for preventing pain and strengthen the lumbar your muscles:
Exercises that you can do to strengthen the lower back can work at home in nature or fitness center. The simplest and most are static contraction exercise (endurance) running on the ground:
1. Alternating vertical rise from the ground opposite arm and leg endurance of 10-15 seconds then changes, exercise is performed without a break in the 3 series alternately.
2. Gently lift even lower and upper extremities at the same time and returns to the starting position, the exercise is performed in 4 sets of 10-15 reps
3. Position Plank, endurance in a given position, the focus is on the abdominal wall that needs to be constantly in contraction, the exercise is performed in three series with the endurance of 15-30 seconds
When enough to strengthen the muscles may be the ancestors of the execution of more complex and demanding exercises:
1. Extension backs, 3-4 sets of 10-15 reps
2. Good morning exercise, initially running without load and later with load, 3-4 sets of 10-12 reps
3. Dead lift, the exercise is performed with a light load in the beginning, with a focus on the right position of the back in every position, 4 sets of 8-12 reps
Exercises are performed 4-6 times per week at first. Later, when there was a considerable reinforcement lumbar necessary to maintain muscle tone with working out 2-3 times a week.
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LUMBALNI SINDROM I BOL U DONJEM DELU LEĐA
Sve češće nailazimo na problem, a možda ga i sami imate, da kako kako stariji tako i mladi imaju problem sa lumbalnim delom leđa. Nepravilno sedenje (sedenje na repu a ne na sedalnim kostima), dugo sedenje, prekomerna težina, nepravilno držanje, slabi CORE mišići… sve su to uzroci ovog problema. U ovom tekstu ćemo malo pojasniti anatomsku strukturu kičmenog stuba i mišića, uzroke, posledice i korektivne vežbe za sprečavanje i korekcije ovog sindroma.
ŠTA ČINI DONJI DEO LEĐA:
- Pet lumbalnih pršljenova koji povezuju našu karlicu sa gornjim delom kičme.
- Šest diskusa koji štite naše pršljenove i apsorbuju sve dolazeće udare.
- Nervi i kičmena moždina koji provode impulse u naše mišiće iz mozga i njihova uloga je najsličnija sa “strujnim kablovima”.
- Mali zglobovi koji nam obezbeđuju da sve funkiconiše kako treba, takođe održavaju ujedno stabilnost i pokretljivost.
- Ligamenti i mišići bez kojih je funkcija naše kičme nezamisliva, jer nam daju snagu i obezbeđuju stabilnost.
NAJČEŠĆE AKTIVNOSTI KOJE UZROKUJU NASTANAK BOLA
Svaka radna ili sportska aktivnost ili aktivnost svakodnevnog života, ukoliko se nepravilno ili naglo izvede ili vremenski dugo traje, može da prouzrokuje bol u lumbalnom delu leđa. Bol se najčešće vezuje za sledeće aktivnosti:
- nepravilno dizanje tereta ma koje težine, gde se trup savija i rotira
- nagli pokret rotacije, savijanja ili rotacije i istezanja trupa
- dugotrajno sedenje
- dugotrajna vožnja automobilom
- dugotrajno hodanje
- dugotrajno stajanje
- loš položaj u toku spavanja
- povrede koštano-mišićnog sistema lumbalne regije – traume ( najčešće saobraćajni udesi, povrede u toku sportskih aktivnosti…)
Mišićna slabost je posledica inaktivnosti. Mišićni disbalans je jedan od bitnijih uzroka bolova. Snaga pojedinačnih mišića i mišićnih grupa trebalo bi da bude izbalansirana, harmonična i ujednačena.
Sa kineziterapijom (medicinskim vežbanjem) se započinje kada se potpuno otkloni bol. Cilj nam je da jaka muskulatura preuzme deo tereta lumbalne kičme. Bitno je napomenuti da ne postoji aktivnost svakodnevnog života koja jača lumbo-sakralne ekstenzore kičme. Isto tako, ne postoji ni sportska aktivnost koja jača mišiće ove regije. To je i najčešći razlog ovih tegoba.
VEŽBE ZA PREVENCIJU BOLA I JAČANJE LUMBALNIH MIŠIĆA:
Vežbe koje možete raditi za jačanje donjih leđa se mogu raditi kod kuće u prirodi ili fitnes centru. Najjednostavnije i najbitnije su vežbe statičkih kontrakcija ( izdržaja ) koje se izvode na tlu:
- Naizmenično odizanje od tla suprotne ruke i noge, izdržaj od 10-15 sekundi zatim promena, vežba se izvodi bez pauze u 3 serije naizmenično.
- Lagano odizanje donjih i gornjih ekstremiteta u isto vreme i vraćanje u početni položaj, vežba se izvodi u 4 serije od 10-15 ponavljanja
- Pozicija Plank, izdržaj u zadatom položaju, fokus je na trbušnom zidu koji mora da bude stalno u kontrakciji, vežba se izvodi u 3 serije sa izdržajima od 15-30 sekundi
Kada se dovoljno ojačaju mišići može se preći na izvođenje složenijih i zahtevnijih vežbi:
- Ekstenzija leđa, 3-4 serije od 10-15 ponavljanja
- Good morning vežba, u početku se izvodi bez opterećenja a kasnije sa opterećenjem, 3-4 serije od 10-12 ponavljanja
- Mrtvo dizanje ili dead lift, vežba se izvodi sa laganim opterećenjem u početku, sa fokusom na prav položaj leđa u svakoj poziciji, 4 serije od 8-12 ponavljanja
Vežbe se izvode 4-6 puta nedeljno u početku. Kasnije kada dođe do znatnog ojačanja lumbalnog dela potrebno je održavati tonus mišića sa vežbanjem 2-3 puta nedeljno.
Ovo su neke osnovne vežbe koje trebate baš po ovom redosledu da upražnjavate. U koliko imate ozbiljno oštećenje ili deformitet, period oporavka i rehabilitacije je znatno veći i vežbe se izvode znatno duže uz veći broj ponavljanja, a aktivacija mišića statičkim kontrakcijama je učestalija.
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EMPTY CALORIES
Why obese people are never enough full after big meals? Why feel hungry an hour after a heavy meal? And they need to be changed to uncontrollable hunger ceased?
For starters should be distinguished nutritional and energy (calories) worth of food. Some foods can be high-caloric, given at the time of high energy level (sweets), but the body can not get away from them to any building blocks, and practically remain hungry. Addition to that, the more (junk food) intake, the body is more desirous of nutrients. What should a person eat eggs, meat and fish because he needed proteins (instead of salami, pate and sausages), vegetables and fruits, because its essential vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. There are also the carbohydrate and fat content, but not any.
Where they are located. In the past often use the term “empty calories” food boxes rich in carbohydrates and low in protein, vitamins, minerals, amino acids and fiber. There are thoughts: on sweets and other foods that contain sugar (chocolate, sweets, biscuits industrial …), refined grains like white bread, white rice (rich in starch), saturated fat, fast food (hot dogs, hamburgers, fried potatoes …), alcoholic beverages. Especially rich in calories is fried foods (French fries, fried chicken and chips), and very low in nutrients. Large portions, for example, fried potatoes retain 570 calories, which is a third of the daily needs calories for women, and a quarter of the daily requirement for men.
How to resist them. Try to hundreds of smaller fry, and the more you cook the food. Baked potatoes can replace fries and roasted chicken. Avoid carbonated beverages. In addition to large amounts of sugar, quinine in many drinks can reduce the number of platelets in the blood and that adversely affects the liver.Classic bread to replace white bread with whole black beans. Bread with whole grains contain fiber, which facilitates digestion and antioxidants. Classic snacks replace for fruity snack or some integral biscuits that contain grains. Sweets should be replaced by fruit, dry fruit, nuts.
